{"id":1317,"date":"2018-01-14T10:39:17","date_gmt":"2018-01-14T08:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/community.virtono.com\/?p=1317"},"modified":"2020-06-10T16:41:03","modified_gmt":"2020-06-10T13:41:03","slug":"linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux CPU Performance Measurements with mpstat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Linux tool\u00a0<b>mpstat<\/b>\u00a0provides information about the utilization of the individual CPUs of a system.\u00a0For multi-core CPUs, each core is displayed as a CPU.\u00a0Hyperthreaded CPUs display two CPUs per physical CPU or physical core.\u00a0For most Linux distributions, mpstat is included in the sysstat package (see eg Debian\u00a0<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/packages.debian.org\/sysstat\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/packages.debian.org\/sysstat<\/a>\u00a0).<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/#Basics_of_mpstat\" title=\"Basics of mpstat\">Basics of mpstat<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/#Meaning_of_the_individual_values\" title=\"Meaning of the individual values\">Meaning of the individual values<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/#analysis\" title=\"analysis\">analysis<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/#Utilization_of_the_individual_CPUs_or_cores\" title=\"Utilization of the individual CPUs or cores\">Utilization of the individual CPUs or cores<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/linux-cpu-performance-measurements-with-mpstat\/#Analysis_period\" title=\"Analysis period\">Analysis period<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basics_of_mpstat\"><\/span><span id=\"Grundlagen_von_mpstat\" class=\"mw-headline\">Basics of mpstat<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>mpstat is typically called with the option\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL<\/code>.\u00a0This will list all CPUs individually.\u00a0A call to\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL<\/code>shows the averages since the last boot:<\/p>\n<pre>wfischer @ ubuntu-1204: ~ $ sudo mpstat -P ALL\r\nLinux 3.2.0-93-generic (ubuntu-1204) 11\/11\/2015 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)\r\n\r\n09:38:16 AM CPU% usr% nice% sys% iowait% irq% soft% steal% guest% idle\r\n09:38:16 AM all 1.94 0.09 0.57 6.95 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 90.42\r\n09:38:16 AM 0 1.01 0.20 0.69 3.77 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 94.27\r\n09:38:16 AM 1 3.70 0.08 0.67 10.18 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 85.30\r\n09:38:16 AM 2 1.72 0.05 0.50 10.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.45\r\n09:38:16 AM 3 1.32 0.04 0.41 3.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.66\r\nwfischer @ ubuntu-1204: ~ $\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>For analysis over a period of time two further parameters can be given.\u00a0At\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL 1 60<\/code>every second, the current value is read out (and this 60 times &#8211; ie 1 minute).\u00a0The last entry then shows the average values over the measurement period.\u00a0You can\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL 1 60<\/code>easily write\u00a0the output\u00a0to a file:<\/p>\n<pre>wfischer @ ubuntu-1204: ~ $ sudo mpstat -P ALL 1 60&gt; mpstatanalyse20151111-1.txt\r\nwfischer @ ubuntu-1204: ~ $\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Here is an excerpt from this file:<\/p>\n<pre>Linux 3.2.0-93-generic (ubuntu-1204) 11\/11\/2015 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)\r\n\r\n09:35:57 AM CPU% usr% nice% sys% iowait% irq% soft% steal% guest% idle\r\n09:35:58 AM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.81\r\n09:35:58 AM 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 81.63\r\n09:35:58 AM 1 0.00 0.00 0.99 29.70 0.00 0.99 0.00 0.00 68.32\r\n09:35:58 AM 2 0.00 0.00 1.00 11.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 88.00\r\n09:35:58 AM 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00\r\n\r\n[...]\r\n\r\n09:36:56 AM CPU% usr% nice% sys% iowait% irq% soft% steal% guest% idle\r\n09:36:57 AM all 3.26 0.00 1.50 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.49\r\n09:36:57 AM 0 6.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 93.94\r\n09:36:57 AM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 98.00\r\n09:36:57 AM 2 4.95 0.00 5.94 1.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.13\r\n09:36:57 AM 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00\r\n\r\nAverage: CPU% usr% nice% sys% iowait% irq% soft% steal% guest% idle\r\nAverage: all 0.48 0.00 0.70 15.71 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 83.07\r\nAverage: 0 0.66 0.00 1.19 16.44 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 81.60\r\nAverage: 1 0.29 0.00 0.44 28.94 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 70.27\r\nAverage: 2 0.53 0.00 0.65 15.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 83.54\r\nAverage: 3 0.42 0.00 0.50 2.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 96.81\r\n<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meaning_of_the_individual_values\"><\/span><span id=\"Bedeutung_der_einzelnen_Werte\" class=\"mw-headline\">Meaning of the individual values<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>(Source\u00a0<code>man mpstat<\/code>):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>CPU<\/b>\u00a0: Processor number.\u00a0The keyword all statistics are calculated as averages among all processors.<\/li>\n<li><b>% usr<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application).<\/li>\n<li><b>% nice<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level with nice priority.<\/li>\n<li><b>% sys<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the system level (kernel).\u00a0Note that this does not include time-consuming servicing hardware and software interrupts.<\/li>\n<li><b>% iowait<\/b>\u00a0: The CPU or CPUs were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk I \/ O request.<\/li>\n<li><b>% irq<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service hardware interrupts.<\/li>\n<li><b>% soft<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service software interrupts.<\/li>\n<li><b>% steal<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of time spent waiting for the CPU or CPUs while the hypervisor is servicing another virtual processor.<\/li>\n<li><b>% guest<\/b>\u00a0: Show the percentage of time used by the CPU or CPUs to run a virtual processor.<\/li>\n<li><b>% idle<\/b>\u00a0: The CPU or CPUs were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk I \/ O request.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"analysis\"><\/span><span id=\"Analyse\" class=\"mw-headline\">analysis<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Utilization_of_the_individual_CPUs_or_cores\"><\/span><span id=\"Auslastung_der_einzelnen_CPUs_bzw._Cores\" class=\"mw-headline\">Utilization of the individual CPUs or cores<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>For a system with several CPUs or multiple cores, it makes sense to evenly load them as much as possible.\u00a0If the average values of\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL<\/code>one CPU\u00a0show\u00a0a very high% user share, but other CPUs with a very low% user share, optimizing the configuration of the applications may increase the overall performance of the system.\u00a0A database that uses only a single thread or process can only use one core.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analysis_period\"><\/span><span id=\"Analysezeitraum\" class=\"mw-headline\">Analysis period<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Since one\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL<\/code>provides the average values since the last boot process (and thus also times with low load &#8211; at night and the weekend &#8211; includes), for example, a ten-minute measurement can be\u00a0<code>mpstat -P ALL 1 600 &gt; \/root\/mpstatanalyse.txt<\/code>carried out\u00a0at peak times means\u00a0.\u00a0This also gives averages for those ten minutes at the end of the output.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Linux tool\u00a0mpstat\u00a0provides information about the utilization of the individual CPUs of a system.\u00a0For multi-core CPUs, each core is displayed as a CPU.\u00a0Hyperthreaded CPUs display two CPUs per physical CPU or physical core.\u00a0For most Linux distributions, mpstat is included in the sysstat package (see eg Debian\u00a0http:\/\/packages.debian.org\/sysstat\u00a0). Basics of mpstat mpstat<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1317","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorial-how-to"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.virtono.com\/community\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/mpstt2.png?fit=943%2C259&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7ISfL-lf","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3477,"url":"https:\/\/www.virtono.com\/community\/tutorial-how-to\/how-to-install-htop-on-linux\/","url_meta":{"origin":1317,"position":0},"title":"How To Install htop on Linux","author":"George B.","date":"June 9, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"When it comes to monitoring system resources, htop on Linux stands out as a powerful tool that provides a real-time, interactive view of your system's performance. Unlike traditional command-line utilities, htop offers a user-friendly interface with intuitive visualizations. 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There are various tools designed for and incorporated with most distributions despite the fact that they aren't all set up by default. 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