Postfix is a widely used mail server, more specifically an MTA ( Mail Transfer Agent ). In this article we describe how to install Postfix under Debian Lenny 5.0. In the example we use a test server (lists.wefi.net). Replace this name with the name of your server.
Install package
On the command line, start the Postfix installation like this:
apt-get install postfix
Debian will then indicate that exim is removed and asks if you want to proceed with the installation:
lists: ~ # apt-get install postfix Reading package lists ... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information ... Done Suggested packages: procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql postfix-ldap postfix-pcre sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules resolvconf postfix-cdb ufw The following packages will be REMOVED: exim4 exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light The following NEW packages will be installed: postfix 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 4 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 1224kB of archives. After this operation, 1008kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y / n]? y Get: 1 http://http.at.debian.org lenny / main postfix 2.5.5-1.1 [1224kB] Fetched 1224kB in 0s (6060kB / s) Preconfiguring packages ...
Package configuration
Postfix Configuration: General type of mail configuration
In the first configuration step we will choose Internet Site in this example . Depending on your individual requirements, select the appropriate entry here.
Package configuration
┌───────────────────────────────┤ Postfix Configuration ├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─────────┐
│ Please select the mail server configuration type that best meets your needs. │
As shown in Fig
Configuration No configuration: │
│ Should be chosen to leave the current configuration unchanged. │
│ Internet site: │
│ Mail is sent and received directly using SMTP. │
│ Internet with smarthost: │
Is Mail is received directly using SMTP or by running a utility search │
│ as fetchmail. Outgoing mail is sent using a smarthost. │
│ Satellite system: │
Mail All mail is sent to another machine, called a 'smart host', for delivery. │
│ Local only: │
│ The only delivered mail is the mail for local users. There is no network. │
As shown in Fig
│ General type of mail configuration: │
As shown in Fig
Configuration No configuration │
│ Internet Site │
│ Internet with smarthost │
│ Satellite system │
│ Local only │
As shown in Fig
As shown in Fig
│ <Ok> <Cancel> │
As shown in Fig
└───────────────────────────────────────────────── ──────────────────────────────┘
Postfix Configuration: System mail name
In the second step, we enter the mail name of the server. Since the example is a mailing list server, here lists.wefi.net (the email addresses are then mailingliste@lists.wefi.net):
Package configuration ┌───────────────────────────┤ Postfix Configuration ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ────────────────────────┐ │ The "mail name" is the domain name used to qualify _ALL_ mail addresses without a domain │ │ name. This includes mail to and from <root>: please do not make your machine send out mail │ from root@example.org unless root@example.org has told you to. │ As shown in Fig │ This name also wants to be used by other programs. It should be the single, fully qualified │ │ domain name (FQDN). │ As shown in Fig , Thus, if a mail address on the local host is foo@example.org, the correct value for this │ │ option would be example.org. │ As shown in Fig │ System mail name: │ As shown in Fig │ lists.wefi.net ______________________________________________________________________________ </s> As shown in Fig │ <Ok> <Cancel> │ As shown in Fig └───────────────────────────────────────────────── ─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Completion of the installation
(Reading database ... 21540 files and directories currently installed.) Removing exim4 ... dpkg: exim4-config: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you request: exim4-base depends on exim4-config (> = 4.30) | exim4-config-2; HOWEVER: Package exim4-config is to be removed. Package exim4-config-2 is not installed. Package exim4-config which provides exim4-config-2 is to be removed. exim4-base depends on exim4-config (> = 4.30) | exim4-config-2; HOWEVER: Package exim4-config is to be removed. Package exim4-config-2 is not installed. Package exim4-config which provides exim4-config-2 is to be removed. Removing exim4-config ... dpkg: exim4-daemon-light: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you request: bsd-mailx depends on exim4 | mail-transport-agent; HOWEVER: Package exim4 is not installed. Package mail-transport-agent is not installed. Package exim4-daemon-light which provides mail-transport-agent is to be removed. Removing exim4-daemon-light ... Stopping MTA: exim4_listener. Removing exim4-base ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Selecting previously deselected package postfix. (Reading database ... 21404 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking postfix (from ... / postfix_2.5.5-1.1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up postfix (2.5.5-1.1) ... Adding group `postfix '(GID 108) ... Done. Adding system user `postfix '(UID 104) ... Adding new user `postfix '(UID 104) with group` postfix' ... Not creating home directory `/ var / spool / postfix '. Creating /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding tcp map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding group `postdrop '(GID 109) ... Done. setting myhostname: lists.wefi.net setting alias maps setting alias database changing / etc / mailname to lists.wefi.net setting myorigin setting destinations: lists.wefi.net, localhost.wefi.net,, localhost setting relayhost: setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [:: 1] / 128 setting mailbox_size_limit: 0 setting recipient_delimiter: + setting inet_interfaces: all WARNING: / etc / aliases exists, but does not have a root alias. Postfix is now set up with a default configuration. If you need to make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed. To view Postfix configuration values, see postconf (1). After modifying main.cf, be sure to run '/ etc / init.d / postfix reload'. Running new aliases Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent: postfix. Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent: postfix. lists: ~ #
Checking the mail delivery
Whether the mail delivery works now, we check with telnet (as described in TCP port 25 (smtp) access with telnet check ):
ubuntu @ ubuntu: ~ $ telnet lists.wefi.net 25 Trying 80.66.32.103 ... Connected to lists.wefi.net. Escape character is '^]'. 220 lists.wefi.net ESMTP Postfix (Debian / GNU) EHLO test.example.com 250-lists.wefi.net 250 PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8bitmime 250 DSN MAIL FROM: test@example.com 250 2.1.0 Ok RCPT TO: postmaster@lists.wefi.net 250 2.1.5 Ok DATA 354 End data with <CR> <LF>. <CR> <LF> Subject: Test message This is a test. , 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 87D2CDE40A2 QUIT 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. user @ ubuntu: ~ $
This message is now delivered to the server:
lists: ~ # mail Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001. Type? for help. "/ var / mail / root": 1 message 1 new > N 1 test@example.com Tue Jun 1 10:00 16/545 Test message & 1 Message 1: From test@example.com Tue Jun 1 10:00:49 2010 X-Original-To: postmaster@lists.wefi.net Subject: Test message Date: Tue, 1 Jun 2010 10:00:08 +0200 (CEST) From: test@example.com To: undisclosed-recipients :; This is a test. & q Saved 1 message in / root / mbox lists: ~ #
1 Comment
nammoth · November 11, 2018 at 4:31 AM
where is the beginners class to understand what choices to make that works best for the system i don’t know how to create??